【摘要2020.1.29.自由】
Scientists think they have found a way to
stop the common cold and closely related viruses which can cause paralysis.
科學家認為，他們已經找到對抗普通感冒以及一種關係密切、可能導致麻痺的病毒之方法。
Instead of trying to attack them directly,
the researchers targeted an essential protein inside our cells which the
viruses need to replicate. The approach gave "complete protection" in
experiments on mice and human lung cells. However, the US-based researchers are
not ready for trials in people.
研究人員沒有試圖直接攻擊感冒病毒，而是將研究目標對準了細胞內病毒複製不可或缺的一種蛋白質。該方法在針對老鼠和人類肺細胞的實驗中提供了「完全的保護」。不過，美國研究人員還沒有準備好進行人體實驗。
Tackling the common cold has been a
massive problem in medicine.
治療普通感冒一直是醫學界的一大難題。
Most colds are caused by rhinoviruses, but
there are around 160 different types and they mutate so easily they rapidly
become resistant to drugs, or learn to hide from the immune system.
大多數感冒由鼻病毒引起，但大約有160種不同的病毒，它們很容易突變，並且會迅速產生抗藥性，或者學會躲避免疫系統。
This has led to the idea of
"host-directed therapy" - essentially making our bodies inhospitable
for the cold viruses.
這引發了「宿主導向療法」的構想，也就是從本質上使人的身體不適合感冒病毒存活。
An individual virus does not have
everything it needs to replicate. Instead, it is dependent on infecting another
cell and stealing some of the parts inside.
個別病毒並不具備複製所需的一切。相反地，它依賴感染另一個細胞並從中偷取部分物質。
It is why scientists still argue whether
viruses are truly alive.
因此，科學家們仍然在爭論病毒是否真的是活的。
新聞辭典》
essential：形容詞，必要的；不可或缺的。例句：It
is essential to balance one’s budget.（量入為出是很重要的。）
replicate：動詞，複製。例句：Viruses
can replicate in the blood.（病毒可在血液中繁殖。）
tackle：動詞，對付，處理；與…交涉。例句：There
are many ways of tackling this problem.（處理這個問題有許多辦法。）
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