【摘要2020.2.6.自由】◎孫宇青
"When I started, there was poop in
bags everywhere," said Ricky Ojwang in Mukuru, a Nairobi slum where he has
worked to improve sanitation since 2012. "People would use bags because
there were no toilets, and they would fling them out the window."
2012年開始在（肯亞首都）奈洛比穆庫魯貧民區改善衛生條件的瑞奇．歐伊旺說：「一開始，到處都是裝糞便的袋子。因為沒有廁所，所以人們用袋子，而且用完就往窗外丟。」
Less of these "flying toilets"
befoul the cramped alleyways of Mukuru these days, thanks in part to
eco-friendly lavatories managed by Ojwang and his team.
這種弄髒穆庫魯狹窄巷弄的「飛行廁所」，近來已較少見，有一部分得歸功於歐伊旺和團隊設置的環境友善廁所。
Instead of being flung out the window, the
waste collected from these toilets is taken to a facility outside Nairobi and
recycled into fertilizers.
不同於從前會被扔出窗外，從廁所蒐集的排泄物，會被送往奈洛比郊外一處設施回收，並製成肥料。
As people pour into cities, slums rise
faster than governments can lay sewage lines, build toilets or develop systems
for managing waste. So Sanergy, the enterprise behind the sanitation scheme,
uses waterless toilets instead, which don’t rely on sewers.
隨著人們大舉遷入城市，貧民區增加的速度比政府鋪設污水管路、蓋廁所或建置排泄物處理系統還快。因此，支持這項衛生計畫的企業「生能潔」改採無水廁所，如此便毋須仰賴污水管。
Residents pay about $8.50 a month for the
toilet, regular cleaning and waste collection, or land owners cover the cost on
their block.
居民每月繳交約8.5美元（約260元台幣）的使用費，包含定期清潔和排泄物蒐集，或由地主支付其街區的費用。
新聞辭典
befoul：動詞，弄髒；誹謗。例句：The
mayor’s reputation was befouled by plenty of scandals.（市長的名聲因一堆醜聞而敗壞。）
cramped：形容詞，狹窄的。例句：I
managed to put another bookshelf in the cramped room.（我設法在狹小的房內放置另一組書架。）
fling：動詞，扔；丟。例句：He
flung the basketball out of the window.（他把籃球扔出窗外。）
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