These brands spend nearly $100 billion on ads. They want Facebook and Google to raise their game

 These brands spend nearly $100 billion on ads. They want Facebook and Google to raise their game

（這些品牌花1000億美元打廣告 他們要臉書與谷歌努力改進）

【摘要2020.8.21.自由】◎張沛元

Some of the world’s biggest advertisers have joined forces with Facebook, YouTube and Twitter in an attempt to prevent harmful online content messing with their campaigns.

部分全球最大廣告主已與臉書、YouTube及推特合作，試圖避免有害的線上內容與他們打的廣告扯上關係。

Companies such as Procter & Gamble, Kellogg, Adidas, Unilever, and PepsiCola, are worried that their ads can pop up next to content they don’t want associated with their brands, such as violent or terrorist videos and hate speech.

寶僑、家樂氏、愛迪達、聯合利華與百事可樂等大企業，都擔心他們的（線上）廣告，會出現在他們不希望與其品牌扯上關係的內容旁邊，例如暴力或恐怖份子影片，以及仇恨言論。

The Global Alliance for Responsible Media, which represents 60 companies, ad agencies, industry associations and digital platforms, announced at the World Economic Forum on Thursday a series of measures it says will help keep harmful content offline and away from advertisements.

代表60家企業、廣告公司、產業協會與數位平台的「全球負責任媒體聯盟」，週四在世界經濟論壇上宣布一系列有助於讓有害內容不上線以及遠離廣告的措施。

新聞辭典

raise one’s game：慣用語，努力改進。例句：News organizations need to raise their game and not simply allow themselves to be platforms for lies, propaganda and distortions.（新聞機構必須努力改進，而非淪為散播謊言、宣傳與扭曲內容的平台。）

join forces：慣用語，聯合以達到共同目的。

mess with someone/something：慣用語，打擾，招惹；與…扯上關係。例句：You shouldn’t mess with drugs.（你不應該染毒。）

 

S. Korean tries washing money over virus fears, suffers loss

 S. Korean tries washing money over virus fears, suffers loss

損失慘重 害怕病毒的南韓民眾「洗錢」

【摘要2020.8.20.自由】◎孫宇青

Money laundering is not a good idea, as a South Korean found out when he or she put banknotes in a washing machine to remove possible traces of the coronavirus.

當一名南韓民眾將鈔票放入洗衣機，想洗掉可能殘留的冠狀病毒時，他／她發現「洗錢」不是個好辦法。

The person living in Ansan city, and only identified by family name Eom, placed an unspecified amount of 50,000-won bills in a washing machine.

這位住在安山市、僅知姓嚴的民眾，將不知數量的5萬韓元鈔票放入洗衣機。

Under bank rules on the exchange of damaged, mutilated and contaminated banknotes, the person was provided with the new currency totaling about 23 million won.

根據銀行的毀損、殘破及受污鈔票交換規定，該名民眾獲得總值約2300萬韓元（約62萬台幣）新鈔。

Bank official said the number of 50,000-won bills the bank exchanged at half value was 507. The bank doesn’t count the number of bills that it cannot exchange because damage is too big. It was said the loss was considerable.（AP）

銀行官員說，銀行以半價交換的5萬韓元鈔票有507張，但並未數算無法交換的鈔票數量，因為損壞太嚴重。據說，損失很可觀。（美聯社）

新聞辭典

unspecified：形容詞，未詳述的。例句：He shut the shop for an unspecified reason.（他沒有說明原因就關店了。）

mutilate：動詞，使傷殘、毀壞。例句：It has been three years since he was mutilated in an accident.（自他因意外導致身體殘缺後，已過了3年。）

contaminate：動詞，污染。例句：We will not allow nuclear waste to contaminate the environment.（我們不會容許核廢料污染環境。）

 

Cleaners Unknowingly Remove Banksy’s Latest Art Piece

 Cleaners Unknowingly Remove Banksy’s Latest Art Piece

清潔人員無意中清除掉班克西的最新藝術作品

【摘要2020.8.19.自由】◎管淑平

On Tuesday, the enigmatic British street artist Banksy unveiled his latest public work. Art fans hoping to check out the Underground graffiti for themselves are out of luck, however, as Transport for London cleaners scrubbed the spray paint away before Banksy even announced it.

神秘的英國街頭藝術家班克西，週二發表他的最新公開作品。然而，希望親眼看看這幅地鐵塗鴉的藝術迷無法如願，因為班克西都還沒公布新作，這些塗鴉就被倫敦交通局清潔人員清除了。

Apparently, the workers were "unaware" the black-and-teal paint on the Circle Line carriage was left by the artist, and thus "it was treated like any other graffiti on the network."

工作人員顯然「不知道」在該列環狀線車廂裡的黑—青色圖畫出自這名藝術家之手，因此「被當作如地鐵上其他的塗鴉處理」。

It also seems likely Banksy, who isn’t one to shy away from creating temporary art, knew the work wasn’t going to last long.

不怕創作只能曇花一現的班克西，似乎也可能知道這幅作品不能維持很久。

新聞辭典

enigmatic：形容詞，神秘的、難以捉摸的。例句：She gave me an enigmatic smile.（她給了我一個令人費解的微笑。）

be in/out of luck：片語，能／未能如願，運氣好／差。例句：We’re out of luck, they just sold the last ticket.（我們運氣不好，他們剛賣掉最後一張票。）

shy away from：（因害怕、不喜歡等因素）逃避、畏縮。例句：I’ve never shied away from challenges.（我從不逃避挑戰。）

Mumbai Green Lights Women Figures on Traffic Signals

 Mumbai Green Lights Women Figures on Traffic Signals

孟買女性綠燈出現在交通號誌上

【摘要2020.8.18自由】◎黃靖媗

Mumbai has become the first Indian city to introduce female figures on its traffic lights, a move welcomed by women’s rights campaigners as a step towards greater inclusivity.

孟買已經成為第一座在交通燈號上採用女性圖樣的印度城市，這項受到女權運動者歡迎的舉措，是朝向更大包容性邁進的一步。

Authorities are swapping the green and red male stick figures on more than 100 pedestrian crossings to female figures as part of a broader plan to make roads more pedestrian-friendly.

當局正在將超過100個行人穿越道的綠色與紅色男性圖樣，換成女性圖樣，這是一項為了讓馬路更加友善行人的拓寬計畫的一部分。

"The signage reflects the character of the city... that it believes in gender equality and promotes women’s empowerment," said Kiran Dighavkar, assistant commissioner with Mumbai’s municipal corporation.

「這個號誌反映了城市的角色…相信是性別平等與提倡女性賦權的」，與孟買的市政公司合作的助理專員迪卡格說。

Women’s rights campaigners said the change may appear small, but was significant. In many Indian cities, women make up only a small proportion of the people on the streets.

女權運動者表示，這項改變可能是小的，但也是重大的。在許多印度城市，女性只佔街上人群很小的比例。

新聞辭典

towards：介系詞，朝向、面對。例句：Mary is moving towards her bedroom.（瑪莉正在朝她的臥室移動。）

swap：動詞，交換、互換。例句：We swapped the Line ID at the first time they met.（我們在初次見面時互換Line ID。）

proportion：名詞，比率、比例。例句：The han people make up a large proportion of Taiwan’s population.（漢人佔台灣人口很大的比率。）

 

British Foreign Office cat heads for retirement

 British Foreign Office cat heads for retirement

英國外交部的貓迎向退休生活

【摘要2020.8.15.中時】◎周虹汶

Palmerston, the cat who has lived at the Foreign Office for four and a half years, will trade in his London residence for retirement in the countryside, where his mouse-catching duties for the diplomats will come to an end.

帕默斯頓，那隻4年半來生活在外交部的貓，將從倫敦的官邸換到鄉下退休，屆時牠替外交官捕鼠的任務將劃下句點。

Writing to the more than 100,000 followers on his Twitter feed, the black and white moggy, who once lived at Battersea Dogs & Cats Home, said he wanted to spend more time relaxing away from the limelight.

這隻一度住在「巴特西貓狗之家」的黑白貓在推特上向超過10萬名跟隨者發文說，牠想把更多時間用來放輕鬆，遠離公眾關注。

"I have enjoyed climbing trees and patrolling the fields around my new home in the countryside," he wrote to the Foreign Office’s most senior civil servant, Simon McDonald, signing off with two paw prints.

牠寫給外交部最高階公務員西蒙．麥唐諾：「我喜歡爬樹，在我鄉下新家附近巡邏」，結尾留下兩隻爪印。

"I will miss hearing the footsteps of an Ambassador and sprinting to my hideout to see who it is."

「我會想念聽到大使的腳步聲，以及快快跑到我的藏身處看看是誰。」

There will be no wider reshuffle as Larry the cat remains on Downing Street whilst fellow feline Gladstone retains his post at the finance ministry. （Reuters）

不會有更大幅度改組，貓兒賴瑞繼續待在唐寧街，而貓夥伴格萊斯頓保留財政部的職位。（路透）

新聞辭典

trade：名詞，指交易、買賣、生意、行業、需要特殊技術和手工勞動的職業；形容詞，指行業的（刊物）；動詞，指交換、國與國間從事貿易、在證券交易所買賣、相互交談。例句：I wouldn’t trade you for the world.（除了你，我誰都不要。）

limelight：名詞，聚光燈、眾所矚目的中心。例句：He’s been in the limelight recently.（他近來受到公眾極大關注。）

sprint：名詞、動詞，指短跑、衝刺。例句：She suddenly broke into a sprint.（她突然飛奔起來。）

 

 

MAN REPLACES EYE WITH CAMERA；BECOMES “EYEBORG”

魔鬼終結者上身

【摘要2020.8.15.蘋果】

With the help of engineers, Spence now has a fully functional camera inside his fake eye. The device, which is controlled by a mobile computer, can record video or take photos. He actually has two versions of the robotic eye. One looks like a normal eye, but his original “eyeborg” device has a dark red glow. This makes Spence seem like a real cyborg—part man and part machine.

藉由工程師的協助，史賓斯的義眼裡現在有個功能完備的攝影機。這個由一臺可攜式電腦所操控的裝置能夠錄影和照相。他的機器眼其實有兩種版本。一款看起來像正常的眼睛，但他原版的 eyeborg 裝置則散發出暗紅光芒。這使得史賓斯看起來就像個真正的生化人 ── 一半人類、一半機器。

生活必備字詞

functional a.正常運作的；功能性的
version n. 版本
With so many different versions of the story, it’s hard to know what really happened.

 

How major South Korean airlines made profits during pandemic

 How major South Korean airlines made profits during pandemic

南韓主要航空公司如何在疫情期間求取利潤

【摘要2020.8.16.自由】◎茅毅

South Korea’s flag carriers Korean Air and Asian Airlines surprised the market last week by posting an operating profit in the second quarter, while major airlines across the world suffered heavy losses due to the pandemic.

南韓的載旗航空公司「大韓航空」和「韓亞航空」上週公布第2季出現營業利潤，出乎市場意料。與此同時，世界各地主要航空公司則因全球大流行疾病而蒙受嚴重虧損。

Korean Air reported an operating profit of 148.5 billion won while Asiana saw its figure top 100 billion won, both owing to their robust cargo businesses.

韓航報告營業利潤為1485億韓元，韓亞航則超過1000億韓元，均歸功於它們強勁的貨運業務。

"The performance of both airlines is commendable as they responded quickly. I was skeptical when I first heard Korean Air’s decision to deploy passenger jets for their cargo service. It looks like it’s worked while other airlines didn’t consider the option," said Hurr Hee-young, a professor at Korea Aerospace University.

「韓國航空大學」教授許喜寧說，「這兩家航空公司的表現，都值得稱許，因為它們反應很快。當我一開始聽到韓航運用客機從事貨運服務時，我抱持懷疑態度。看來這奏效了，而其他航空公司並未考慮到這個選項」。

新聞辭典

owing to：片語，由於、因為。例句：Owing to the rain the concert has been cancelled.（這場演唱會已因雨取消。）

robust：形容詞，強健、茁壯、堅固、耐用、結實的。例句：The country’s political system has continued to be robust in spite of its economic problems.（儘管發生經濟問題，該國的政治制度仍持續強健。）

commendable：形容詞，值得讚美、推崇、欽佩、稱道的。例句：The tone of his speech was commendable.（他演說的語調令人欽佩。）

 

 

LA TOMATINA FESTIVAL

萬「彈」齊發的瘋狂番茄大戰

【摘要2020.8.16.蘋果】

Many children have experienced the fun of a food fight, but most of them grow up to understand that it’s a waste. Also, it’s not nice to throw food at another person. However, for one town in Spain, the excitement of a food fight with overripe tomatoes has become a huge local tradition. Every year on the last Wednesday of August, the Spanish town of Buñol holds La Tomatina, the largest food fight in the world.

In recent years, tens of thousands have flocked to Buñol to join the fun. At 11:00 a.m. on the day of the festival, the town signals the start of the main event. Then people start throwing tomatoes at everyone for about an hour. Everyone in the battle gets covered in tomatoes. After the food fight is finished, people begin to clean up the mess. In fact, the citric acid in the tomatoes helps to get the streets extra clean each year.

許多孩子們都經歷過好玩的食物大戰，但多數小孩長大後才了解這是種浪費的行為。況且向他人扔食物也不太好。但對於某個西班牙小鎮來說，使用熟透的番茄進行刺激的食物大戰已儼然成為當地一項盛大的傳統。每年八月的最後一個星期三，西班牙的布尼奧爾小鎮都會舉行 La Tomatina 這場世上最盛大的食物大戰。

近年來，成千上萬的人紛紛湧入布尼奧爾小鎮參加這場狂歡。在節慶那天的上午十一點鐘，該鎮會發信號示意節慶的重頭戲開始。接下來約一個鐘頭，人群便開始互相狂丟番茄。大戰裡的每個人全身都沾滿番茄。食物大戰結束後，人們就開始清理這團髒亂。事實上，番茄裡的檸檬酸每年都有助於讓街道變得更加清潔呢。

生活必備字詞

◎excitement n. 興奮，激動
◎overripe a. 過熟的；熟得快要爛的
◎flock to...　　蜂擁至⋯⋯
Many people flocked to the zoo to see the cute panda cubs.

 

UK government to encourage doctors in England to prescribe bikes for patients-

 UK government to encourage doctors in England to prescribe bikes for patients-

英國政府將鼓勵英格蘭醫生為病患開立騎自行車的處方

【摘要2020.6.17.自由】◎陳成良

U.K. Prime Minister Boris Johnson has unveiled plans for a "cycling and walking revolution" that, if fully realized, could recalibrate the way people move around towns and cities.

英國首相強森公佈「騎自行車和步行革命」計畫，該計畫若全面落實，將可重新調整人們在城鎮中移動的方式。

The move comes as authorities attempt to boost public health by capitalizing on people’s renewed interest in travelling by bike and on foot during the coronavirus pandemic.

此舉正值當局試圖利用冠狀病毒大流行期間人們對騎自行車和步行重燃興趣的契機，來增進公眾健康。

Wide-ranging in their scope, they include initiatives such as: providing cycling training to children and adults if they want it; developing an extensive network of protected bike routes; and creating "low-traffic neighbourhoods."

這項計畫內容廣泛，包括以下措施：向有需要的兒童和成人提供自行車訓練；建立廣泛、受保護的自行車道；創建「低車流量的郊區」。

In addition, the U.K. government will pilot a project in some areas of "poor health rates" to encourage doctors to prescribe cycling to patients through a bike lending scheme.

此外，英國政府也將在某些「健康率低」的地區試行一項計畫，鼓勵醫生透過自行車租賃計畫給患者開立騎車處方。

新聞辭典

recalibrate：動詞， 重新校準，再校準。例句：Regulators also might try to recalibrate their market-share analysis to make it simpler and more workable.（監管官員或許也會嘗試調整他們基於市佔率的分析方法，使工作變得更加簡單可行。）

capitalize on：慣用片語，利用。例句：He capitalized on his experiences to win the job.（他善用經驗優勢獲得這份工作。）

pilot：動詞，試驗、試用。例句：Schools in this area are piloting the new maths course.（這一帶的學校正試用新的數學課程。）

 

GHOST MONTH IN TAIWAN

鬼月好兄弟和搶孤好漢

【摘要2020.6.17.蘋果】

For Buddhists and Taoists alike, Ghost Month is a time when the spirits leave the spirit world to walk among the living. According to folk belief, a gate to the spirit world is open all through Ghost Month.

During the period, temples are visited, ghost money is burned, and food is left outside homes for spirits. In addition, people who believe in Ghost Month will hold no weddings, funerals, or birthday celebrations. Many will also avoid taking trips or getting surgery.

鬼月對信奉佛教和道教者皆然，此時鬼魂會離開陰世而到人間遊蕩。根據民間信仰，鬼門在鬼月整個期間一直都是開啟的。人們在這段時間會去廟宇拜拜、燃燒紙錢，還會在家門外放食物作為亡魂的供品。此外，有鬼月信仰的人在此時不會進行婚喪、也不會慶祝生日。也有很多人會避免旅遊或動手術。

生活必備字詞

◎alike adv. 同樣地，同等地
◎according to... 根據⋯⋯
According to the report, everything seems to be going smoothly.
◎believe in... 信奉⋯⋯；相信⋯⋯的存在